开放英语4——阅读理解
阅读理解（12题）一The angry woman stood on the station platform (月台). “The railway should pay me ￡14,” she said to Tony Jenks, the man in the booking office. “My ticket was for June 26th, and there was no ship from Jersey that night. My daughter and I had to stay in a hotel. It cost me ￡14.” Tony was worried. He remembered selling the woman a return ticket. “Come into the office, madam,” he said politely. “I’ll just check the Jersey timetable for June 26th.” The woman and her little girl followed him inside. She was quite right, as Tony soon discovered. There was no ship sailing on June 26th. How had he made such a careless mistake? Not knowing what to do, he smiled at the child. “You look sunburned (晒黑的),” he said to her. “Did you have a nice holiday in Jersey?” “Yes,” she answered shyly. “The beach was lovely. And I could swim too!” “That’s fine,” said Tony. “My little girl can’t swim a bit yet. Of course, she’s only three……” “I’m four,” the child said proudly. “I’ll soon be four and a half.” Tony turned to the mother. “I remember your ticket, madam,” he said. “But you didn’t get one for your daughter, did you?” “Er, well……” the woman looked at the child, “I mean — she hasn’t started school yet. She’s only four.” “A four-year-old child must have a ticket, madam. A child’s return ticket to Jersey costs — let me see —￡15.50. So if you want the railway to pay ￡14 for your hotel, you will have to pay the railway ￡15.50 first. The law is the law, but since the fault was mine……” The woman stood up, took the child’s hand and left the office. 1. A return ticket is a ticket that __________. A. allows a passenger to travel to a place B. one buys when one returns C. must be returned if one wants to get his money back D. allows a passenger to travel to a place and return later 答案为D。本题是词汇理解题。文章第二段的第一句中“return ticket”的意思为“往返车票”，选项D是对该词语的正确解释。 2. The man in the booking office mentioned the child’s ticket in order to __________. A. send the woman away B. get back ￡15.50 C. say sorry to the woman D. make clear the importance of the law 答案为A。本题是分析推理题。售票员误售了车票，而女乘客没有买车票，于是该售票员有了打发该乘客的借口，选项A中的“send… away”的意思为“打发、驱逐”。 3. According to the railway law, a child __________. A. must have a ticket just like a grown-up B. can not travel without a ticket C. below the age of four can travel without a ticket D. can travel with grown-ups without a ticket 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。文章第九段中售票员解释说，根据该国火车乘坐规则，4岁以下的儿童无需买票。 4. At last the woman got __________ from the railway booking office. A. ￡15.50 B. ￡1.50 C. ￡14 D. nothing 答案为D。本题是分析推理题。从文章第九段第二句得知：售票员说该乘客要想得到14英镑的房费，则须先补交15.5英镑的车票钱。又可根据售票员的话推断，由于他错售了车票，他不会追究补票钱，而乘客也拿不到房费。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. After checking the timetable Tony found there was a ship from Jersey on June 26th. B. Tony said sorry to the woman and paid her ￡14. C. The woman did not travel at all to Jersey with her daughter to spend her holiday. D. It was clear that the woman was not honest. 答案为D。本题是是非判断题。选项A、B、C中都存在细节与文章不符合的地方。选项D则是对全章的推理判断，该乘客没有主动自觉买儿童票，从而推导出她不是一个诚实的人。 二Paul Tibbets is a good-natured old man with thick white hair who speaks thoughtfully. The lively 85-year-old was the pilot and commander of the bomber who dropped the first-ever atom bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. He is a controversial (争议的) figure in world history but most Americans regard him as a hero. Tibbets never tires of recalling the operation that was to shape the rest of his life. More than 140,000 people were killed in the atomic explosion and tens of thousands of others died from the after-effects of radiation (辐射). “I didn’t realize at the time what effect dropping the atom bomb would have. Our aim was to do everything to beat the Japanese. They were our enemies and we were at war. We wanted to see an end to the killing so that our soldiers could come home,” said Tibbets. Although Tibbets was following orders he has been forced to confront the moral impact of the bombing. His name became known throughout the world along with that of the plane used to drop the atom bomb. From that day on he is “the man who dropped the atom bomb”. “After the war I met President Truman,” said Tibbets. “He told me I had done my duty and that if anyone criticized me for dropping the bomb I should send that person to see him because he gave me the order to do so.” The retired general has been around the world a lot since then but has never gone back to Japan. 1. What’s Paul Tibbets well-known for? A. He is famous for his good appearance. B. He is famous for his long life. C. He is known for an excellent pilot. D. He is known as the commander who dropped the first atom bomb in Japan. 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。文章第一段第二句话介绍到：Paul Tibbets是对日本广岛投下第一枚原子弹的飞机驾驶员和指挥员，他也因此为全世界所知。 2. Paul Tibbets is a person __________. A. who is regarded as a hero by all the people B. who is regarded as a hero by most Americans C. who knows well about Japanese cities D. who knows well about world history 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段最后一句话得知：Paul Tibbets是个在世界历史上有争议的人，但多数美国人把他当作英雄。 3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Tibbets tires of recalling the operation. B. This operation affected the rest of Tibbet’s life greatly. C. Fourteen thousand people died from the after -effects of radiation. D. Only tens of thousands of people were killed by the atomic. 答案为B。本题是是非判断题。从文章第二段第一句话得知：Paul Tibbets所执行的这次投弹行动，对他此后的人生影响巨大。 4. From the passage, we probably can know that __________. A. Tibbets clearly knew the effect about dropping the atom bomb at first B. Soldiers were eager to end the war as quickly as possible C. Tibbets’ name is well-known throughout the world with that plane D. Tibbets needn’t face the moral complaint of bombing 答案为B。本题是分析推理题。从文章第三段可知：士兵们想要早点结束战争和结束屠杀，尽早回家。 5. The author’s description about Paul Tibbets is __________. A. glad B. sad C. objective D. subjective 答案为C。本题是观点态度题。文章简单介绍了Paul Tibbets的个人情况，语气客观，不带有个人的观点和评价。 三The crossword (纵横字谜) is the most popular word game in the world, but it has quite a short history. We know that the Romans wrote word squares and some people say that the Chinese had something like crossword games eight thousand years ago, but it is generally believed that the modern crossword game did not begin until 1913. In that year, a man called Arthur Wynne wrote a crossword game which was published in American Sunday newspaper called “New York World”. People who read the newspaper liked the crossword and so it became a regular feature of the paper. Then, in 1924, two American publishers, Simon and Schuster, decided to publish a whole book of crosswords, although they were not sure whether anyone would want to buy a copy. To incredible sales, they gave away a free pencil and a free eraser with each book. The book was a huge success and very soon crosswords became the most popular game in the USA. Arthur Wynne moved to England and, on 2 November 1924, one of his crossword games was printed in “Sunday Express”. Some people say this was the first crossword published in England but other people claim that the first appeared in “Pearson’s Magazine” in February 1922. Then, on 11 January 1925, the first Prize Crossword was printed, in “Sunday Times”. Everyone in England was doing crosswords ? even Queen Mary, the Queen of England, and her Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin. And crosswords were believed to be the most important feature of British social life at that time. The enthusiasm for crosswords continued until this day. 1. Modern crossword began __________. A. eight thousand years ago B. in 1913 C. in the Roman D. in the China 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。文章第一段第二句话介绍到：类似的字谜游戏曾在古罗马和中国出现过，但人们普遍认为现代字谜游戏起源于1913年。 2. Who created the modern crossword game first? A. The Romans. B. The Chinese. C. Arthur Wynne. D. Simon and Schuster. 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段第三句话得知：Arthur Wynne首先将自己编的一个字谜游戏刊登在美国的一家报纸上，这被人们普遍认为是现代字谜游戏的开端。 3. In order to make the book success, what did the two American publishers do? A. They provide a free pencil and a free rubber with each book. B. They decided to lower the price of the book. C. The crossword games designed easily by them. D. They send the book to readers without charge. 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段第二句话得知：为了提高售书数量，两位美国出版商Simon和Schuster在书后附上免费的铅笔和橡皮擦，该书因此获得很高的销售量。 4. The first Prize Crossword was appeared in __________. A. “New York World” in 1913 B. “Pearson’s Magazine” in February 1922 C. “Sunday Express” on 2 November 1924 D. “Sunday Times” on 11 January 1925 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段最后一句可知：有奖字谜游戏首先刊登在1925年1月25日的“Sunday Times”上。其他选项A、B、C的内容都与文章内容不一致。 5. We can learn from the passage that __________. A. the crossword games were only loved by some important figures in England B. the crossword games were popular at that time, but C. the crossword game was the most important feature in England at that time D. today the crossword game is still popular in some of western countries 答案为C。本题是分析推理题。文章中的最后一段介绍：字谜游戏已经成为那个时代英国社会生活最重要的特征。选项A、B、D的内容都与文章内容不一致。 四 “Sesame Street” has been called “the longest street in the world”. That is because the television program can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of America’s exports soon after it was shown in New York in 1969. In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. Although some people do not agree to some parts of the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers find that problems appear when the children who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with those who have not watched the program. Tests have shown that children have learned much from watching “Sesame Street”. The children who watch it five times a week learn more than those who watch it less. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly. The programs use songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relationships. Why has “Sesame Street” been so much more successful than other children’s shows? Many reasons have been suggested, such as the educational theories of its producers, the support from both the government and businessmen, and the full use of various kinds of television skills. Perhaps another important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street” together with their children. This is partly because famous film stars often appear on “Sesame Street”. But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more. 1. “Sesame Street” has been called “the longest street in the world” because it is __________. A. the longest street in the United States B. shown in many countries C. the longest television program in the world D. watched regularly by six million children 答案为B。本题是分析理解题。从文章第一段第二句可知：“Sesame Street”是一部电视连续剧，许多国家都在播放这部连续剧。该节目名字中的“street”并不是后半句“the longest street in the world”中street单词“街道”的真正含义。 2. In the United States more than __________ children watch “Sesame Street” regularly. A. 6,000,000 B. 6,500,000 C. 600,000 D. 700,000 答案为A。本题是数字细节题。从文章第二段第一句可知：在美国有超过600万的儿童在观看“Sesame Street”节目。此题是考核对数字的正确认识能力。 3. In the United States many children can watch the program regularly because __________. A. they needn’t go to school B. it is shown many hours a day C. it is shown in the evening D. it is shown many times during the week 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段最后一句得知：为了使更多的孩子能定期收看“Sesame Street”节目，该节目在每周不同的时间里重复播放。 4. One of the important reasons for the success of the program is that __________. A. not only children but also their mothers like to watch it B. many famous film stars enjoy watching it C. it teaches educational theories D. it is produced by the government 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。“Sesame Street”节目的成功除了节目教育原理的运用、政府和商业支持、电视技巧的运用等原因，还有另外一个重要原因是母亲们对该节目的欢迎程度。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All American children watch the program regularly. B. The program became the most important export of the United States in 1969. C. The program is shown five times a week in the United States. D. The program has been a great success, but no one can explain exactly why. 答案为D。本题是是非判断题。文章中谈到“Sesame Street”节目成功的许多原因，但却没有人能明确解释该节目成功的原因。其他选项A、B、C都不符合文章的意思内容。 五Miss Wang of Thailand went to Hong Kong for a holiday. Soon after she got to Hong Kong, she went shopping along Nathan Road. Suddenly a man came up to her and said, “Hello, there, I haven’t seen you for a long time.” The stranger continued talking to her for a while and then took out a small box from his pocket. “Would you like to buy some diamonds?” he asked, opening the box to show some stones. “I’m willing to sell them to you cheap — only ＄400 for this diamond. How about it?” Miss Wang didn’t want to buy the diamond because she had heard many stories of people being tricked. Also, at that moment a woman stopped and warned her, “Don’t buy from him. He’s not an honest man. He’s trying to trick you!” The man raised his voice at once, “I’m honest. These diamonds are real.” In the end they took one of the diamonds to a jeweler — one who sells diamonds and the like. The jeweler examined the stone and told Miss Wang that it was real. He said it cost around ＄900. Satisfied that the diamonds were real, Miss Wang decided to buy them from the man. She chose two of the largest stones from his box and paid him ＄400. Then she went back to the jeweler and asked, “How much will it cost to fix these on a ring?” The jeweler examined the stones and said, “Why do you want to do that? These are just glass.” “But you told me just now they were diamonds.” “The first stone was a diamond; these are not.” Miss Wang ran out of the shop hoping to catch the stranger and get her money back. However, the man was nowhere to be found. 1. Miss Wang met the man __________. A. on her way to Thailand B. on her way to Singapore C. when walking along a street in Hong Kong D. when buying diamonds in a store 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段第一句和第二句得知：泰国的王无忧是在香港度假逛街的时遇到这位男子。 2. Miss Wang didn’t buy the diamonds at first because she __________. A. was afraid of being tricked B. did not have enough money C. already had too many diamonds D. did not like the diamonds at all 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段中的“she had heard many stories of people being tricked”得知：由于害怕上当受骗，王无忧开始不敢买这人的“钻石”。 3. Miss Wang decided to buy stones from the man, thinking that __________. A. one stone was real, the rest weren’t B. the larger stones were real and the smaller ones were glass C. all the stones were real D. the stones were more precious than glass 答案为C。本题是分析推理题。从文章第三段中“Satisfied that the diamonds were real, Miss Wang decided to buy them from the man.”可知：王无忧误会了珠宝鉴定人的话，认为该男子所有的“钻石”都是真的，于是决定从该男子手中购买。 4. After buying two of the largest stones from the man, she went back to the jeweler to __________. A. buy a ring B. have them examined again C. ask about the cost of fixing them on a ring D. buy some other jewels 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段最后一句话可知：王无忧在购买该男子的“钻石”后，便到珠宝店询问戒指镶钻的费用。 5. Miss Wang ran out of the jeweler’s store because she __________. A. wanted to report the matter to the police B. wanted to buy some more diamonds C. was angry with the jeweler D. wanted to catch the stranger and get her money back 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章最后一段话可知：王无忧冲出珠宝店是想抓住卖假钻石给她的那男子，并拿回她的钱。 六Thousands of years ago, people lived only in hot places. They did not live in cold places because they could not keep warm. Then they learned how to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they cut off its skin. They wrapped the skins around their bodies. The skins kept them warm. At first men did not know how to make fire. Sometimes lightning hit a forest and started a fire. Then people took some of this fire to make a fire near their homes. A fire was very important for three reasons. It kept them warm. It also frightened wild animals ? they did not attack when they saw a fire. Then another thing was discovered: if you cook food, it tastes much better! But men still did not know how to make fire. When they had a fire, they did not let it stop burning. If it went out, they could not start it again. They had to wait for lightning for a long time to start another fire. Later, they discovered how to make fire. If you rub two pieces of wood together, they become hot and burn. One way of doing it is to make a little hole in a piece of wood. Pieces of wood or dry leaves are put into the hole. You rub the stick between your hands. This makes it turn very quickly. The end in the hole becomes very hot. The small pieces of wood and dry leaves begin to burn. Another way of making fire is to knock two pieces of stone together. This makes a spark (火花). You can use this spark to start a fire. Today we have matches, so we can make a fire when we want to.1. Once people lived only in hot countries because they did not know how to __________. A. kill animals B. take fire from forests C. keep themselves warm D. make matches 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段第一、二句话可知：远古的人们仅住在温暖的地方，是因为他们当时不知道如何制作衣服来保暖。2. Men later discovered how to use fire to __________. A. cook food B. kill animals C. cut off an animal’s skin D. burn wood 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段可知：人们发现火可以有三个作用——取暖、驱赶动物和烧熟食物。这道题可采取排除法，选项B、C、D不是文章中所提到的内容。 3. People first learned to make fire by rubbing __________ together. A. stones B. two pieces of wood C. dry leaves D. matches 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第四段第一、二句话可知：人们逐渐会使用工具来生火，其中方法之一就是利用两片木头相互摩擦来生火。 4. Today most people in the world use __________ to make a fire. A. lightning B. leaves C. wood D. matches 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章最后一段可知：远古的人们用物体的摩擦来生火，现在人们用火柴来生火。其中“Today we have matches, so we can make a fire when we want to.”这句话前部分“Today we have matches”为省略句，省去了“to start a fire”。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is FALSE? A. A fire could be used to keep warm, frighten wild animals and cook food. B. Before man knew how to make fire, they could get fire easily. C. We can knock two pieces of stone together to make a fire. D. Pieces of wood or dry leaves are sometimes used to help make a fire. 答案为B。本题是是非判断题。文章第四段介绍了：在知道如何生火前远古的人们很难获得火源，有时不得不等候闪电带来的火花。其他选项A、C、D的意思都符合文章内容，只有选项B的意思跟文章内容不相符合。 七There was once a professor of medicine, who was very strict with the students. Whenever he took the chair on the exam committee, the students would be in fear, because he was seldom pleased with the answer they gave. A student would be lucky enough if he or she could receive a good mark from him. At the end of the term, the students of medicine would take their exam again. Now a student entered the exam room and got seated before the committee. This student was a little nervous as he knew it would not be so easy to get through the exam at all. The professor began to ask. The student was required to describe a certain illness, his description of which turned out to be OK. Then the professor asked about the cure for illness, and the student, too, answered just as right. “Good,” said the professor, “and how much will you give the patient?” “A full spoon,” answered the student. “Now you may go out and wait for what you can get,” said the professor. At the same time the committee carefully discussed the answers the student had given. Suddenly the student noticed that there was something wrong with his last answer. “A full spoon is too much,” he thought to himself. Anxiously he opened the door of the room and cried, “Professor, I’ve made a mistake! A full spoon is too much for the patient. He can take only five drops.” “I’m sorry, sir,” said the professor coldly, “but it’s too late. Your patient had died.” 1. The students were afraid of the professor because __________. A. he was ugly B. he often misunderstood them and gave them low marks C. their answers seldom satisfied him D. their answers often astonished him 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段第一、二句得知：教授对学生的要求非常严格，他很少对学生们的答题感到满意，学生都很害怕他。 2. The student’s description of the illness was __________. A. not correct B. completely wrong C. not satisfying D. accepted 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段第二句“…his description of which turned out to be OK.”得知：该学生对某病情的描述是正确的。 3. Before he left the room the student was almost sure that __________. A. he had passed the exam, and the only thing was to wait for the mark B. his last answer had been wrong C. he had made a big mistake D. he could get a low mark 答案为A。本题是分析推理题。从文章第六段可知：该学生回答问题之后离开考室，他才发现他的回答不正确。因此可以推测出，在他离开考室前，他认为他的回答是正确的。 4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. The patient will be in danger if he’s taken as much as a full spoon. B. The doctor will be in trouble if he’s given the patient a full spoon. C. Since one spoon is less than five drops, the patient will be all right soon if he takes only one full spoon at a time. D. If the patient wants to remain safe, he should take no more than five drops at a time. 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。选项C的意思跟文章中的意思相反：一勺的药量多于5小滴的药量，病人多吃药后会产生严重的后果。其他选项内容都与文章内容相符合。 5. We can infer that this passage comes from a __________. A. newspaper B. magazine C. menu D. diary 答案为B。本题是分析推理题。选项A意为“新闻”；选项B意为“杂志”；选项C意为“菜单”；选项D意为“日记”。通过分析推理，文章最有可能选自于杂志，其他的选项都不符合常理。 八I had been sitting by myself in my usual compartment (车厢) for at least ten minutes, waiting for the train to start. The trains from Brighton never seemed to start on time and I often thought that I could have lain in bed a little longer or had another cup of tea before leaving home. Suddenly I heard someone shouting on the platform outside. A young girl was running towards the train. The man on duty put out his hand to stop her but she ran past him and opened the door of my compartment. Then the whistle blew and the train started. “I nearly missed it, didn’t I?” the girl said, “How long does it take to get to London?” “It depends on the engine driver,” I said. “Some days it’s much slower than others.” “I’ll have to have my watch repaired so as not to be late again tomorrow,” she said. “Today is my first day to work with a new firm and they told me that the man I’ m going to work for is very strict. I haven’t met him yet so I don’t know what he is like, but he sounds a bit of frightening to me.” She talked about her new job on the way to London and soon I realized that she was going to work for my firm. My own secretary had just left so I must be her new boss. It was only fair to tell her. “Oh, dear,” she said. “What a terrible mistake! I wish I had known.” “Never mind,” I said. “At least you’ll know that when your train’s late, mine will be too.” 1. The man had been sitting by himself on the train, __________. A. waiting for his friend to come B. waiting for the train to start C. drinking a cup of tea D. waiting for his new secretary 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段第一句可知：故事的讲述者坐在火车车厢里等候火车的开动。 2. In order not to be late again, the girl said she wanted to __________. A. repair her watch by herself B. have her watch repaired C. buy a new watch D. ask the firm for a good watch 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第四段第一句可知：女孩抱怨自己的手表走不准，要请人修一修手表。文章中“I’ll have to have my watch repaired”的have+名词(代词)+done一般指：请某人做某事，这里的have有“让、叫人”的意思，句中的have是使役动词。 3. The girl felt that it was __________ to work for her new boss. A. lucky B. easy C. not easy D. dull 答案为C。本题是分析推理题。从文章第四段最后两句可知：女孩并没有见过自己的老板，再加上同事的介绍，说她的老板很严格，因此可以推测出这份工作不是很轻松。 4. From __________, the man finally realized that the young girl was his new secretary. A. her talk about her new job B. her behavior in train C. her terrible mistakes D. her shouting on the platform 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第五段可知：女孩在火车上介绍自己的工作情况，使得本故事讲述者觉察到她是在他的公司上班，而他的秘书又刚好离职，他意识到这女孩是他的新秘书。其他选项都不符和文章意思。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. That day, the man lay in bed a little longer and had another cup of tea before leaving home. B. The man said the train from London to Brighton never arrived on time. C. Before the girl rushed into the train, the train had started, so the man on duty stopped her. D. The girl was going to work for the man. 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第六段可知：女孩是该讲述者的秘书，正准备前往他的公司上班。选项A、B、C都不符合文章的细节内容。 九Every people uses its own special words to describe things and express ideas. Some of these expressions are commonly used for many years. Others are popular for just a short time. One such American expression is “Where’s the beef?” It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be. In the early 1980s “Where’s the beef?” was one of the most popular expressions in the United States. It seemed as if everyone was using it at the time. Beef is the meat from a cow, and probably no food is more popular in America than a hamburger made from beef. In the 1960s Ray Kroc began building small restaurants called “McDonald’s” which sold hamburgers at a low price. Kroc cooked hamburgers quickly so people in a hurry could buy and eat them without waiting. By the end of the 1960s the McDonald’s Company was selling hamburgers in hundreds of restaurants in America. So Ray Kroc became one of the richest businessmen in America. Other businessmen opened their own hamburger restaurants. One company, called “Wendy’s”, began to compete with McDonald’s. Wendy’s said its hamburgers were bigger than those sold by McDonald’s or anyone else. The Wendy’s Company created the expression “Where’s the beef?” to make people believe that Wendy’s hamburgers were the biggest. It produced a television advertisement to sell this idea. The Wendy’s television advertisement showed three old women eating hamburgers. The bread that covered the meat was very big, but inside there was only a tiny bit of meat. One of the women said she would not eat a hamburger with such a little piece of beef. “Where’s the beef?” she shouted in funny voice. These advertisements for Wendy’s hamburger restaurants were a success from the first day they appeared on television. Then it seemed everyone began using the expression “Where’s the beef?” 1. The expression “Where’s the beef?” in the passage means __________. A. the beef is lost B. something is not as good as described C. the beef is not as good as it is said to be D. the food has turned bad 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。文章第一段可知，“Where’s the beef?”的含义是指“事情或事物并不如描述的那样好”，文章中的“It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be.”是对这句话的详细解释，其中的beef是泛指“事物”的含义，并不是单词本身“牛肉”的意思。 2. Hamburgers have become very popular in America because they are __________. A. made form beef B. cheaper than any other kind of food C. served quickly and at a low price D. the only fast food in America 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段可以知道：汉堡包成为美国最受欢迎的食品，是因为它低廉的价格和无需过长的等候时间等原因。 3. Other people wanted to open hamburger restaurants because __________. A. hamburgers are good to eat B. they could cook hamburgers in a short time C. hamburgers are easy to make D. they thought they could make a lot of money 答案为D。本题考核分析推理能力。Ray Kroc开的McDonald’s Company成为一家成功的食品公司，他本人也成为美国最富裕的商人之一。于是许多人也认为快餐店是赚钱的好途径，纷纷开起快餐店生意。 4. Wendy’s made the expression known to everybody by __________. A. a newspaper B. writing letters to people C. a notice in front of the restaurant D. a TV advertisement 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段最后两句话可以知道：Wendy’s快餐店为了扩大自己的生意，通过电视媒体打广告，使自己的食品家喻户晓。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is FALSE? A. In the early 1980s “Where’s the beef?” was the most popular expression in America. B. Perhaps the hamburger is the most popular food in America. C. Wendy’s created the expression “Where’s the beef?” to compete with McDonald’s in selling hamburgers. D. “Where’s the beef?” got popular as soon as it appeared in the TV advertisement. 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。选项B、C、D都符合文章的细节内容，只有选项A是不正确的。文章中说到在20世纪80年代初，“Where’s the beef?”成为当时美国流行语之一，不是选项A中所说的最流行的语言，须注意选项A中最高级的含义。 十We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the body of the dead. Stealing salt was considered a major crime during some periods in history. In the 18th century, for instance, about ten thousand people were put in prison for stealing salt. In the year 1553, stealing salt could be punished as a crime and the stealer’s ear was cut off. In the Roman Empire, one of the most important roads was the one that carried salt from the salt mines to Rome. Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves. The guards received their pay in salt, hence the English word, salary. Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was said to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. This expression is still used today in English to refer to a person who is thought of as incapable of doing a job. Now salt has many uses beyond the dining table. It is used in the making of glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops, and in killing weeds (杂草). It is also used to make water soft, to melt ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to fix colors on cloth. Salt can be obtained in various ways. Evaporation (蒸发) of salt water from the ocean or salt water lakes is one of the common processes for getting salt. However it is obtained, salt will continue to play an important role in the lives of the people everywhere. 1. Salt has been used in many different ways throughout history. We know this from __________. A. the fact that ancient people ate salted fish B. stories told by the Egyptians C. books on the preservation of dead bodies D. various kinds of historical evidence 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第一段可知：人们不能精确知道人类何时开始使用盐，但却能够通过许多历史证据来知道人类使用盐的情况。 2. About ten thousand people were arrested for stealing salt. This happened __________. A. in the year 1535 B. in the year 1553 C. in the 1800s D. in the 1700s 答案为D。本题是时间细节题。从文章第二段可知：在18世纪，大约一万多人因偷盐而被捕入狱。本题主要考察对时间的正确表达。“80年代”英语说eighties，“20世纪70年代”一般简写成1970s或1970’s。文章中的“in the 18th century”意思为18世纪，其正确的选项表达为in the 1700s，也可以表述为in the 1700’s。 3. A usual kind of punishment to a salt thief in the 16th century was __________. A. to give him less salt B. to cut off his ear C. to put him in prison D. to pay him less money 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段可知：在1553年人们对偷盐的人的处罚就是割掉他的耳朵。这一时间属于16世纪。 4. In the Roman Empire many people were employed as guards to __________. A. carry salt from the mines to Rome B. protect the city of Rome C. prevent thieves from stealing salt D. protect the women and children 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段第一、二句话可知：为了防止偷盐的行为，古罗马帝国雇佣很多人保护和看守盐。 5. According to the passage, the expression “not worth his salt” in the fourth sentence of Paragraph 3 refers to __________. A. one who fails to do his work well B. one who should not be paid in salt C. one who does his work well D. one who should get less salt 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第三段的后部分可知：看守盐的人的报酬就是盐。他如果没有努力工作，就会获得低报酬，分给他的盐自然就会少些。后来这句话就引申为某人不能胜任自己的工作。 十一There are four beautiful things about Hawaii. First, the beaches. There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii. Most of them are covered with fine white sand. They are thought to be among the best beaches in the world. Another wonderful thing about the beaches of Hawaii is the water temperature. The year-round average temperature of the water at the famous resort (胜地) of Waikiki Beach is 23℃! In fact, there are no real seasons in Hawaii. There is a difference of only two or three degrees between the hottest day of summer and the coldest day of winter. That’s why the Hawaiians don’t have a word for weather in their language. Second, the volcanoes (火山). These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands, but they actually make the islands. Because of them the islands are still growing. The most famous volcano on Hawaii is Mauna Loa. It is the world’s most active volcano. It has been erupting (爆发) for thousands of years. Even when it isn’t erupting, smoke comes out of the earth from thousands of little holes. These volcanoes could be dangerous to the population of Hawaii. In fact, Hilo, the second largest city in Hawaii, is built just under Mauna Loa. The volcano could erupt at any time, but the people of Hilo do not seem worried. Third, all the wonderful fruits and flowers of the islands. Every day of the year there are flowers blooming. Every month a dozen different kinds of trees are covered with fruits. Fourth, the people who live there. From its earliest days, Hawaii has had a peaceful history. The Polynesians (玻利尼西亚人) who came to the islands about a thousand years ago believed that a stranger should be welcomed. They offered strangers food and comfort, and thought of them as brothers. 1. There are __________ islands in Hawaii. A. 12 B. 13 C. 20 D. 30 答案为C。本题是数字细节题。从文章第二段第二句可知：夏威夷共有20座岛屿，以及几百英里的海滩。 2. The Hawaiian beaches are well-known for __________. A. very small sand and warm water temperature B. ordinary sand and cool water temperature C. big sand and hot water temperature D. hundreds of miles of sandless beaches 答案为A。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段第三句可知：夏威夷的海滩因细小的白沙和温度适宜的海水而闻名于全球。其他选项不符合文章内容。 第3题 3. Why is there no word for weather in the Hawaiian language? A. Becuse there is few the change of temperature in summer. B. Because there is few the change of temperature in winter. C. Because there is no the change of seasons in the whole year. D. The Hawaiians are afraid of talking about weather. 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段最后两句可知：由于夏威夷的夏天最高气温和冬天最低气温相差只有2-3度，所以在那儿的语言中没有描述气候的词语。 4. The Hawaiian islands are still growing because __________. A. there has good weather B. there are many volcanoes C. the Hawaiians enlarge them with the earth D. there have many visitors every year 答案为B。本题是分析题。从文章第三段第二、三句可知：夏威夷火山不仅构成岛屿的一部分，活火山的不断喷射所形成的岩浆使夏威夷不断扩大。 5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. It is neither too cold nor too hot in Hawaii all the year round. B. The people of Hilo are used to living in danger. C. The Polynesians were friendly to strangers. D. There are only four beauties in Hawaii. 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。文章中谈及夏威夷四个方面的美丽，但夏威夷的美丽不仅限于这四个方面。选项A、B、C的意思符合文章中内容，只有选项D不符合文章意思。 十二Be sure to make reservations (预订) if the restaurant you chose is a fancy or popular one. It’s very shameful to show up without reservations and have to wait for a table, leaving a very bad impression on your date. Also, be sure to check to see if they have a dress code and tell your date in advance what to wear. When your food arrives, proper dining manner requires you to eat at a proper pace so that you have time to talk. A good measure of how fast you should eat is to count 10 seconds between every two mouthfuls. It is bad dining manner if you gobble (狼吞虎咽) down your food and you spend the rest of the time watching your date eat. Do not make any noise or chew with your mouth open. Your napkin (餐巾纸) should be placed on your legs all the time. If you have to get up, place it neatly on your seat. When eating, put in your fork straight in your mouth. Don’t place your fork in the side of your mouth as it increases the chances of food sliding away, which could be very shameful. If you get food stuck in your mouth don’t pick it out with your fingers or fork at the table. Excuse yourself and go to the restroom and get it out with a toothpick. When dining, keep your eyes on your date at all times and try to smile between mouthfuls. Occasionally, you should make an effort to show some interest and ask questions like, “How do you like the beef?” If she needs anything, you are the one who is supposed to flag down (使……停止，招呼) the waiter by a gentle wave of the hand until he or she notices you. 1. The word “fancy” in the first sentence of the first paragraph can best be replaced by “__________”. A. complex B. awful C. complicated D. fine 答案为D。本题是猜测词汇题。如果在一个优雅高级的餐馆吃饭而又没有预定座位的话，你就有可能遇到不得不等位子的尴尬境遇，从而给你的约会对象留下一个不好的印象。单词“fancy”在本文中的意思为“优良的、好的”。 2. When your food arrives, you had better to __________. A. eat the food as quickly as possible B. spend a lot of time watching your date eat C. avoid the eye contact to your date D. eat at a proper speed 答案为D。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段第一句可知：吃饭的过程中你最好用适中的速度吃饭，太快和太慢都是不正确的。 3. According to the passage, which is the correct manner in eating? A. You need reserve a table at any restaurants. B. Counting ten seconds between every two mouthfuls is a good manner. C. When you get up, you need place your napkin neatly on your table. D. When you get food stuck in your mouth, you can pick it out with your fingers. 答案为B。本题是事实细节题。从文章第二段第二句可知：适宜的吃饭速度是每两口饭之间的间隔时间为大约10秒。 4. When you are dining, you can __________. A. keep smiling at all times B. show interest in the price of food C. show concern for your date D. shout to the waiter or waitress 答案为C。本题是事实细节题。从文章第五段第一、二句可知：在吃饭过程中，你还应对你的约会对象表示关怀。 5. __________ might be a suitable title for the passage. A. How to Eat B. Eating Behavior C. Dining Manner When Dating D. How to Date 答案为C。本题是主旨大意题。全文主要是讲述约会时吃饭过程中所应注意的礼貌和细节问题，最佳的文章标题应为选项C——约会时的餐桌礼仪。其他选项A、B、D都不能概括文章大意。
页:
[1]