大工20春《专业英语(计算机英语)》复习资料 (6)
专业英语(计算机英语)辅导资料十六主 题：课件第13章Computer Graphics学习时间：2020年7月13日--7月19日
“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题理论学习：
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摘选自《坚持和运用好毛泽东主席思想活的灵魂》《习近平谈治国理政》
内 容：
本周我们将学习课件第13章Computer Graphics 。希望通过下面的内容能使同学们加深对本章相关知识点的理解。
重点掌握内容：
1. 重点：掌握concept of computer graphics、掌握Applications of computer graphics、了解视频显示设备、了解输出图元、了解计算机动画。
2. 难点：掌握计算机图形学的基本概念、掌握计算机图形学的四个重要应用：显示信息、设计、模拟、用户界面、掌握视频显示设备的基本概念。
课程任务：
1. 熟读全文，参照译文理解全文大意。
2. 完成课后阅读。一、New Words & Expressions:
via 经，通过
conversation n. 会话，交谈
adage n.谚语，格言
pervade 蔓延，遍及，扩大
diverse a. 不同的
encompass v. 包括，包含
adopt v. 采用，采纳
image n. 图像
classify vt. 分类
simulation n. 模拟，仿真
span v. 横越，跨越
orthographic projections 八面图形投影法
perspective a. 透视的
Renaissance n. 文艺复兴
plot v. 绘图，划分
intractable a. 难解决的
video monitor 视频监视器
solid-state 固态的(使用电晶体不用真空管)
predominant 支配的
raster-scan display 光栅扫描显示器
frame buffer 帧缓冲器
intensity n. 强度
pixel (or pel) n. 像素
resolution n. 分辨率
bitmap n. 位图
random-scan display 随机扫描显示器
vector 矢量，向量
hard-copy device 硬拷贝设备
pen plotter 笔式绘图仪
flat-panel displays 平板显示器
rugged 粗糙的，高低不平的
output primitives 输出图元
analog device 模拟设备
vector n. 矢量
pen plotter 笔式绘图仪
random-scan display 随机扫描显示器
endpoint n. 端点
horizontal a. 水平的
vertical a. 垂直的
deflection n. 偏转，偏差
voltage n. 电压，伏特数
digital device 数字设备
high-resolution 高分辨率的
animation n. 动画
imply v. 暗指，暗示
visual a. 视觉的
scene n. 场景，情景
translation n. 平移
rotation n. 旋转
variation n. 变化
transparency n. 透明性
surface texture 表面纹理
automobile n.〈主美〉汽车
engine n. 引擎
orientation n. 方向，方位，定位
focal length 焦距
lighting effect n. 光照效果
illumination n. 照明
rendering n. 着色，绘画
storyboard n. 剧本
layout n. 布置，版面安排
key-frame 关键帧
in-between frames n. 插值帧
frame-by-frame a. 逐帧的
consecutively adv. 连续地，连贯的二、Abbreviations:
CRT (Cathode-ray tube) 阴极射线管
DVST（Direct-View Storage Tube） 直视存储管
三、Reading Materials:
How to Make Your Homepage Flow
I explained in a previous article how to test your site’s navigation abilities. Put simply-how long your visitors will stay and surf throughout your site before clicking out.
Believe me, you want your visitors to stay as long as possible. This is the only way your site is going to succeed. Your site must be interesting, persuading, and easy to navigate.
First let me tell you a couple of misconceptions about how to design websites.
1. Many people assume that because the internet is so “big” and covers such a vast amount of areas around the world, their website has to be everything to everybody. They design their website for “everybody” n the world and never have a distinct purpose. No purpose and no direction results in no sales! That’s a profound statement but so true.
How many websites have you visited that had no purpose, no direction, and no real valuable information that you stayed and surfed around the site a while?
You click to that site only to find twenty links that are all non-related to the site’s description nor to each other. A link to the left takes you to a computer store online while a link to the right takes you to a sports website. Five banners straight down the middle of the homepage all going in five different directions. No direction or purpose whatsoever. Even if that company did offer what you were looking for, you probably would not consider that company as an expert or even trustworthy after one glance at the website, would you?
2. The second misconception is that selling on the web is different or easier than selling offline. I know from experience that sales is sales is sales. Even if your business is on the web, you still must take the same steps to gain a customer’s trust as you do offline. Your product will not sell itself, just like your website will not promote itself. You must tae the necessary steps to promote your site as well as give a persuading presentation once the visitor arrives.
Now that you know a couple of the most common misconceptions on the web, you can move forward with designing your website with these in mind. Don’t worry, if you’ve already designed your website for “everybody”, it’s not too late to focus in on your sole purpose. It’s far less painful to design your website with your one purpose I mind from the beginning-and less costly.
Below are 3 important steps you can take while designing your website to insure navigation ease for you visitor:
1. Place your “appealing headline” below any banner or logo at the top of the page. This is the headline that persuades your visitor to continue reading your homepage-to spark their interest n your product or service. Write your headline to your target customer. The visitor should have no doubt about what kind of website he/se just entered.
If your purpose is to sell books, your headline should say something about books or a particular book that’s very popular. This will insure your “targeted” potential customers that they are at the right site for what they’re searching for. Visitors who aren’t looking for books really aren’t your customers, are they? You’re letting them know up front that they’re in the wrong website.
The reason for placing your headline below your logo or banner is because people tend to look at the “picture” first and then begin reading below the picture.
2. Place a side bar or navigation bar at the right hand or left hand side of your homepage. A general rule of thumb is to place your navigational bar on the left hand side if your website is information-based and you offer just one to three products. Place your navigational bar on the right band side if your website is set up like a catalog offering many different products.
The navigation bar provides your visitor with options to move around within your website without crowding the homepage. Your homepage should be an introduction to your website or your product or service, not your entire website. The information should be intriguing to your “target” visitor and lead the visitor to the next page or to your desired response at the bottom of the homepage.
3. Continue your homepage. Write to your visitor in a way that he/she can’t wait to go to the next page and continue. But don’t stop there-when your visitor gets to the bottom, be sure to say “Go to the Next Page Here…” or “Continue to Next Page…”, something to persuade your visitor to go the next page. The … always leaves a sense of continuance also!
Implement these three methods while designing your homepage to insure navigation ability for your visitor. Remember, your visitors can only turn into paying customers if you get a chance to make your presentation.
Translate the following into Chinese:
(1) Many people assume that because the internet is so “big” and covers such a vast amount of area around the world, their website has to be everything to everybody. They design their website for “everybody” in the world and never have a distinct purpose. No purpose and no direction results in no sales! That’s a profound statement but so true.
(2) If your purpose is to sell books, your headline should say something about books or a particular book that’s very popular. This will insure your “targeted” potential customers that they are at the right site for what they’re searching for. Visitors who aren’t looking for books really aren’t your customers, are they? You’re letting them know up front that they’re in the wrong website.
Questions:
(1) What’s the main idea of this text?
(2) According to the txt, what are important steps you can take while designing your website to insure navigation ease for your visitors?四、本节例题、判断题
1、The first generation computers were huge,slow,expensive,and often undependable.
分析及解答：对
本题主要考查第一代计算机的基本情况，如体积大，速度慢，易中，不可靠等特点。2、A computer can be broken down into three distinct categories, namely output, input and CPU.
分析及解答：对
本题主要考查计算机的组成，如计算机能被分为三个部分，输入设备、输出设备和CPU.3、The keyboard is classified as a form of output.
分析及解答：错
本题主要考查输入设备与输出设备。键盘属于输入设备。4、CPU is the soul of a computer.
分析及解答：对
本题主要考查计算机的核心组成，即CPU.五、课后习题、判断题
1、Most networks—even those with just two computers also contain a hub or switch to act as a connection point between the computers.
考点分析：
本题主要考查网络连接设备，如集线器、交换器等。
2、Each web page has a unique address, called a URL that identifies its location on the network.
考点分析：
本题主要考查学生对网页地址URL统一资源定位器的理解。
3、A program is a set of words and symbols that allow a programmer to tell the computer what operations to follow.
考点分析：
本题主要考查学生对计算机程序定义的理解。
4、The third generation computers could carry out instructions in billionths of a second.
考点分析：
本题主要考查学生对第三代计算机相关情况的掌握。答案：1、对2、对3、对4、对
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