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In 1954 a turning point in medical history, resulting from applied bionics (仿生学), was the first “open heart” surgery done in Minneapolis, Minnesota, by Dr. W. Lillehei’s techniques, which for the first time allowed the patient to be operated on while blood was supplied to the patient from a donor. Today “open heart” surgery, using more complicated methods and bionic devices, is common in the United States.Important technological advances such as those already mentioned have encouraged scientists to develop the artificial heart. Early in 1993, in its first use by a human patient, a medical team at the University of Utah Medical Center replaced the diseased heart by a Javik-7.The world watched amazedly as television pictures of Dr. Clark showed he improved steadily after the surgery. His continued life demonstrated that a bionic device could imitate the action and function of a healthy heart. Dr. Clark lived for 112 days.Life-like or bionic machines have existed for several centuries. The development of tools by man’s ancestors is a good example of the application of bionics to extend human capabilities. Modern bionic research is especially involved in prosthetic (修复术的) devices that substitute for, or replace lost or diseased body parts such as arms, legs, and eyes.Recent advances in electronics have enabled scientists to make better use of electrical impulses in the control of prosthetic devices. One interesting research project is the development of an artificial eye in which video signals are transformed into light patterns that are sent into nerve receptors in the patient.The future for applied bionics seems to be promising. Existing bionic devices will become smaller, faster, and more effective. The artificial heart used for Dr. Clark is only one of experimental replacement devices. It is likely to be joined in the future by replacements for other internal systems or organs. Bionic livers, stomachs, and lungs are not impossibilities!
（4.0 分）1. Which of the following does this passage mainly discuss?
A．The application of bionics.B．The first “open heart” surgery.C．The development of the artificial heart.D． The future of applied bionics.（4.0 分）2. According to the passage, it was Dr. C. W. Lillehei who ______.A．first developed applied bionicsB．was the first to operate on the heart of a patientC．developed the artificial heartD．used more sophisticated methods to do “open heart” surgery（4.0 分）3. By “Dr. Clark lived for 112 days”, the author most probably means that ______.A．the replacement of Dr. Clark’s heart was a failureB．there was still a long way to go in applied bionicsC．applied bionics was promisingD．the first artificial heart was most effective（4.0 分）4. The control of artificial devices is improving because ______.A．video signals can be transformed into light patternsB．bionic machines have existed for centuriesC．artificial devices such as arms, legs, and eyes require better control than bionic machinesD．science has made great advances in electronics（4.0 分）5. The author’s attitude towards applied bionics is ______.A．criticalB．approvingC．objectiveD．questioning
Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible（可减税的）. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
（4.0 分）6.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.A．still judge a man by his clothesB．hold the uniform in such high regardC．enjoy having a professional identityD．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform（4.0 分）7.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.A．suggests quality workB．discards his social identityC．appears to be more practicalD．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes（4.0 分）8. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.A．provide practical benefits to the wearerB．make the wearer catch the pubic eyeC．inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD．provide the wearer with a professional identity（4.0 分）9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.A．are usually helpfulB．have little or no individual freedomC．tend to lose their individualityD．enjoy greater popularity（4.0 分）10.The best title for this passage would be _______.A．Uniforms and SocietyB．The Importance of Wearing a UniformC．Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
（15.0 分）The way that people greet each other differs from one country to another, but all greetings are 26A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing to show friendship and respect. In Japan, whether meeting someone for the first time or 27A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusual.E.seeing an old friend, people usually greet each other with a bow. In France, the way to greet friends is with a kiss on both28A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing. But possibly the most 29A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing way to greet a friend is the one used by Eskimos in Alaska---an enthusiastic rubbing of noses! More and more, however, the30A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing is becoming the most popular greeting around the world.
In 1954 a turning point in medical history, resulting from applied bionics (仿生学), was the first “open heart” surgery done in Minneapolis, Minnesota, by Dr. W. Lillehei’s techniques, which for the first time allowed the patient to be operated on while blood was supplied to the patient from a donor. Today “open heart” surgery, using more complicated methods and bionic devices, is common in the United States.Important technological advances such as those already mentioned have encouraged scientists to develop the artificial heart. Early in 1993, in its first use by a human patient, a medical team at the University of Utah Medical Center replaced the diseased heart by a Javik-7.The world watched amazedly as television pictures of Dr. Clark showed he improved steadily after the surgery. His continued life demonstrated that a bionic device could imitate the action and function of a healthy heart. Dr. Clark lived for 112 days.Life-like or bionic machines have existed for several centuries. The development of tools by man’s ancestors is a good example of the application of bionics to extend human capabilities. Modern bionic research is especially involved in prosthetic (修复术的) devices that substitute for, or replace lost or diseased body parts such as arms, legs, and eyes.Recent advances in electronics have enabled scientists to make better use of electrical impulses in the control of prosthetic devices. One interesting research project is the development of an artificial eye in which video signals are transformed into light patterns that are sent into nerve receptors in the patient.The future for applied bionics seems to be promising. Existing bionic devices will become smaller, faster, and more effective. The artificial heart used for Dr. Clark is only one of experimental replacement devices. It is likely to be joined in the future by replacements for other internal systems or organs. Bionic livers, stomachs, and lungs are not impossibilities!
（4.0 分）1. Which of the following does this passage mainly discuss?
A．The application of bionics.B．The first “open heart” surgery.C．The development of the artificial heart.D． The future of applied bionics.（4.0 分）2. According to the passage, it was Dr. C. W. Lillehei who ______.A．first developed applied bionicsB．was the first to operate on the heart of a patientC．developed the artificial heartD．used more sophisticated methods to do “open heart” surgery（4.0 分）3. By “Dr. Clark lived for 112 days”, the author most probably means that ______.A．the replacement of Dr. Clark’s heart was a failureB．there was still a long way to go in applied bionicsC．applied bionics was promisingD．the first artificial heart was most effective（4.0 分）4. The control of artificial devices is improving because ______.A．video signals can be transformed into light patternsB．bionic machines have existed for centuriesC．artificial devices such as arms, legs, and eyes require better control than bionic machinesD．science has made great advances in electronics（4.0 分）5. The author’s attitude towards applied bionics is ______.A．criticalB．approvingC．objectiveD．questioning
Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible（可减税的）. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
（4.0 分）6.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.A．still judge a man by his clothesB．hold the uniform in such high regardC．enjoy having a professional identityD．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform（4.0 分）7.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.A．suggests quality workB．discards his social identityC．appears to be more practicalD．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes（4.0 分）8. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.A．provide practical benefits to the wearerB．make the wearer catch the pubic eyeC．inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD．provide the wearer with a professional identity（4.0 分）9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.A．are usually helpfulB．have little or no individual freedomC．tend to lose their individualityD．enjoy greater popularity（4.0 分）10.The best title for this passage would be _______.A．Uniforms and SocietyB．The Importance of Wearing a UniformC．Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
（15.0 分）The way that people greet each other differs from one country to another, but all greetings are 26A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing to show friendship and respect. In Japan, whether meeting someone for the first time or 27A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusual.E.seeing an old friend, people usually greet each other with a bow. In France, the way to greet friends is with a kiss on both28A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing. But possibly the most 29A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing way to greet a friend is the one used by Eskimos in Alaska---an enthusiastic rubbing of noses! More and more, however, the30A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing is becoming the most popular greeting around the world.3.[单选题]16. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have ______ supplies of petroleum.
A.proficient
B.efficient
C.potential
D.sufficient
正确答案:————
4.[单选题]6 There was a big hole in the road which ________ the traffic.
A.set back
B.stood back
C.held up
D.kept down
正确答案:————
5.[单选题]4. What a lovely party! It’s worth ______ all my life.
A.remembering
B.to remember
C.to be remembered
D.being remembered
正确答案:————
6.[单选题]2 The football game comes to you ________ from New York.
A.lively
B.alive
C.live
D.D) living
正确答案:————
7.[单选题]13. Gas-fired power stations will ________ for less efficient coal-fired equipment.
A.substitute
B.represent
C.take place
D.fill up
正确答案:————
8.[单选题]11 There is no ________ to there house from the main road.
A.access
B.avenue
C.exposure
D.edge
正确答案:————
9.[单选题]5. Our aim is to __________ this government of corruption.
A.prevent
B.rid
C.destroy
D.damage
正确答案:————
10.[单选题]20. Who'll ________ for the children when Sarah's in the hospital?
A.take
B.care
C.look
D.watch
正确答案:————
11.[单选题]7. Peter may ________ with this, but I don't really care.
A.disagree
B.differ
C.fail
D.discourage
正确答案:————
12.[单选题]2. You've got to __________ in yourself, or you'll never succeed.
A.assure
B.confirm
C.believe
D.imagine
正确答案:————
13.[单选题]14. The residents, ______ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.
A.all of their homes
B.all their homes
C.whose all homes
D.all of whose homes
正确答案:————
14.[单选题]15 Although a teenager, Fred could resist ______ what to do and what not to do.
A.being told
B.telling
C.to be told
D.to tell
正确答案:————
15.[单选题]15 The ________ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”.
A.diagram
B.label
C.signal
D.mark
正确答案:————
16.[单选题]8. I told them I was perfectly ________ to help if they asked.
A.kind
B.interested
C.willing
D.favorable
正确答案:————
17.[单选题]19. I can't see you, my day is completely ________ with meeting.
A.filled in
B.filled out
C.taken up
D.taken on
正确答案:————
In 1954 a turning point in medical history, resulting from applied bionics (仿生学), was the first “open heart” surgery done in Minneapolis, Minnesota, by Dr. W. Lillehei’s techniques, which for the first time allowed the patient to be operated on while blood was supplied to the patient from a donor. Today “open heart” surgery, using more complicated methods and bionic devices, is common in the United States.Important technological advances such as those already mentioned have encouraged scientists to develop the artificial heart. Early in 1993, in its first use by a human patient, a medical team at the University of Utah Medical Center replaced the diseased heart by a Javik-7.The world watched amazedly as television pictures of Dr. Clark showed he improved steadily after the surgery. His continued life demonstrated that a bionic device could imitate the action and function of a healthy heart. Dr. Clark lived for 112 days.Life-like or bionic machines have existed for several centuries. The development of tools by man’s ancestors is a good example of the application of bionics to extend human capabilities. Modern bionic research is especially involved in prosthetic (修复术的) devices that substitute for, or replace lost or diseased body parts such as arms, legs, and eyes.Recent advances in electronics have enabled scientists to make better use of electrical impulses in the control of prosthetic devices. One interesting research project is the development of an artificial eye in which video signals are transformed into light patterns that are sent into nerve receptors in the patient.The future for applied bionics seems to be promising. Existing bionic devices will become smaller, faster, and more effective. The artificial heart used for Dr. Clark is only one of experimental replacement devices. It is likely to be joined in the future by replacements for other internal systems or organs. Bionic livers, stomachs, and lungs are not impossibilities!
（4.0 分）1. Which of the following does this passage mainly discuss?
A．The application of bionics.B．The first “open heart” surgery.C．The development of the artificial heart.D． The future of applied bionics.（4.0 分）2. According to the passage, it was Dr. C. W. Lillehei who ______.A．first developed applied bionicsB．was the first to operate on the heart of a patientC．developed the artificial heartD．used more sophisticated methods to do “open heart” surgery（4.0 分）3. By “Dr. Clark lived for 112 days”, the author most probably means that ______.A．the replacement of Dr. Clark’s heart was a failureB．there was still a long way to go in applied bionicsC．applied bionics was promisingD．the first artificial heart was most effective（4.0 分）4. The control of artificial devices is improving because ______.A．video signals can be transformed into light patternsB．bionic machines have existed for centuriesC．artificial devices such as arms, legs, and eyes require better control than bionic machinesD．science has made great advances in electronics（4.0 分）5. The author’s attitude towards applied bionics is ______.A．criticalB．approvingC．objectiveD．questioning
Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible（可减税的）. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
（4.0 分）6.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.A．still judge a man by his clothesB．hold the uniform in such high regardC．enjoy having a professional identityD．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform（4.0 分）7.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.A．suggests quality workB．discards his social identityC．appears to be more practicalD．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes（4.0 分）8. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.A．provide practical benefits to the wearerB．make the wearer catch the pubic eyeC．inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD．provide the wearer with a professional identity（4.0 分）9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.A．are usually helpfulB．have little or no individual freedomC．tend to lose their individualityD．enjoy greater popularity（4.0 分）10.The best title for this passage would be _______.A．Uniforms and SocietyB．The Importance of Wearing a UniformC．Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
（15.0 分）The way that people greet each other differs from one country to another, but all greetings are 26A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing to show friendship and respect. In Japan, whether meeting someone for the first time or 27A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusual.E.seeing an old friend, people usually greet each other with a bow. In France, the way to greet friends is with a kiss on both28A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing. But possibly the most 29A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing way to greet a friend is the one used by Eskimos in Alaska---an enthusiastic rubbing of noses! More and more, however, the30A.cheeksB.meantC.handshakeD.unusualE.seeing is becoming the most popular greeting around the world.
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