网上人大19秋《大学英语一》作业4
课程作业一、Reading comprehension (一共4题，每题25分。)
试题1(25分)
【260857】 Many families in the United States have a larger income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult to make ends meet anyway. Almost everyone is wondering, "What happens to all my money? I never seem to have anything left to put away. "
Why isn't dollar worth as much as it used to be? One dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, housing or rent, clothes, and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it.
No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there's a shortage of goods, the prices also go up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies withhold gas from buyers，they can also make the price of gas go up．
Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you're spending too much on entertainment. Or if you're spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.
1.What has troubled many families in the United States? _____
A.A not-large-enough income.
B.Nothing is left over to put away.
C.The increasing cost of living.
D.A shortage of certain goods.
2. _____ determines the value of the dollar.
A.The government
B.The cost of living
C.The economist
D.The bank
3. Why does the cost of living keep increasing? _____
A.There are always shortages of goods.
B.The workers are getting lower and lower pay.
C.The government makes no interference.
D.People demand more and better goods.
4. According to the writer，_____ fully understand（s）why the cost of living keeps increasing.
A.some people
B.few people
C.only economists
D.no one
5. Which of the following is true? _____
A.Housewives needn't know anything happening to the market.
B.People are most concerned about the value of money.
C.There seems no need for everyone to know about the rising cost of living.
D.The prices will go up if more goods are produced.
CBDDB。标准答案为：CBDDB
试题2(25分)
【260877】 Suppose we built a robot（机器人）to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors（探测器）to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.
According to the evolutionary（进化的）theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny（否认）that sleep provides some important restorative functions（恢复功能）. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into；it does not protect us form trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival（生存）depends on their ability to run away from attackers.
1.The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us _____.
A.the differences between robots and men
B.the reason why men need to sleep
C.about the need for robots to save power
D.about the danger of men working at night
2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _____.
A.keep up a regular pattern of life
B.prevent trouble that comes looking for him
C.avoid danger and inefficient labour
D.restore his bodily functions
3. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.
A.are worrying about our safety
B.are overworked
C.are in a tent
D.are away from home
4. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.
A.need more time for restoration
B.are unlikely to be attackers
C.are more alive than horses when they are awake
D.spend less time eating to get enough energy
5. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? _____
A.Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.
B.The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.
C.Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.
D.The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.
BCADA。标准答案为：BCADA
试题3(25分)
【260880】 I arrived in the United Stated on February 6, 1966, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy Airport at three o'clock in the afternoon. The weather was very cold and it was snowing, but I was too excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time and I stared in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their man-made beauty. My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then left me because he had to go back to work.He promised to return the next day.
Shortly after my friend had left, I went to a restaurant near hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldn't speak a word of English, I couldn't tell the waiter what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter didn't understand me. Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway until I came to Times Square with its movie theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I continued to walk around the city. I wanted to see everything on my first day. I knew it was impossible, but I wanted to try.
When I returned to the hotel, I was tired out, but I couldn't sleep because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens during the night. I lay awake and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings, big cars, and full of noise and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English.
1.On the way to his hotel, the writer _____.
A.was silent all the time
B.kept talking to his friend
C.looked out of the window with great interest
D.showed his friend something he brought with him
2. He went to _____ to get something to eat.
A.a tea house
B.a pub
C.a café room
D.a nearby restaurant
3. He did not have what he really wanted, because _____.
A.he only made some gestures
B.he did not order at all
C.he could not make himself understood
D.the waiter was unwilling to serve
4. The waiter _____.
A.knew what he would order
B.finally understood what he said
C.took the order through his gestures
D.served the same thing the man at the next table was having
5. After dinner, he _____.
A.walked back to the hotel right away
B.had a walking tour about the city
C.went to the movies
D.did some shopping on Broadway
CDCDB。标准答案为：CDCDB
试题4(25分)
【260887】 Australia is the world's smallest continent and largest island, a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. Its development represents a triumph（胜利）over remoteness and a harsh landscape.
It is generally accepted that Australia's original inhabitants, the aboriginal（土著的）people, have lived on the continent for 40,000 to 60,000 years. They were also its sole（唯一的）human inhabitants until two centuries ago. Indonesian traders probably visited Australia's northwest but it was unknown to the rest of the world until the 1600s. A huge south land appeared on maps before 200 AD but its existence was not confirmed until the 17th century when Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch merchants ventured into Asia.
The first European settlement of the continent--by the British--began in 1788, on the site now occupied by Sydney, Australia's largest city. There were then about 1500 Europeans and an estimated 300,000 aboriginal people in Australia. The population has reached 2.25 million by 1881, 5.41 million by 1921 and 7.4 million by the end of World War II（1945）. It increased sharply, partly because of a large postwar immigration program, and reached more than 17 million in 1991, despite a decline that began in the 1970s in the natural increase and net immigration. The rate of population increase in the 40 years after world war II, about two percent, has halved.
Australia is one of the most urbanized countries in the world, with about 70 percent of the population living in the 10 largest cities. Australians have a high standard of living by world standards. The flag of Australia is the only one to fly over a whole continent in the world. The small Union Jack represents the historical link with Britain, the largest star has six points for each of the states and one point for the territories, and the small stars form the Southern Cross - a prominent of the southern hemisphere night sky.
1.The passage is written to _____.
A.present a general picture of Australia
B.persuade people to travel in Australia
C.tell people the history of Australia
D.describe the characteristic of Australia
2. The first sentence in paragraph 1 mainly suggests that _____.
A.Australia is a strange country
B.it is not easy to find Australia
C.Australia has contradictory（矛盾的）features
D.Australia is a continent and a country as well
3. Which statement about Australia's population can NOT be inferred? _____
A.The population change is a gradual increase.
B.The population increased rapidly for a time owing to the government's special policy.
C.The rates of population increase in different periods varied.
D.The rate of population increase before World War II was about one percent.
4. The word urbanized means _____.
A.of towns or cities
B.of emergency
C.of suburbs
D.of the countryside
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true? _____
A.The large star on the flag of Australia has seven points.
B.People were certain of Australia's existence before 200 AD because it had appeared on maps.
C.Australia enjoy relatively high standard of living compared with people in other countries.
D.The aboriginal people of Australia were its only human inhabitants before the 18th century.
ACDAB。标准答案为：ACDAB
页:
[1]