华东2011秋《科技英语》在线答案
2011年秋季学期《科技英语》在线考试及答案(适用于2011年12月份考试)一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）V
1._____ I don't like are the long, dark nights of winter.
A. That
B. What
C. Which
D. This
满分：1分
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2.________ is accepted as true is relatively, and not absolutely, true.
A. It
B. That
C. What
D. That it
满分：1分
3.How close parents are to their children______a strong influence on the development of the children's character.A. have
B. has
C. having
D. had
满分：1分
4. After a joint venture dismisses the surplus employee during the contract term, the enterprise will give the dismissed certain ______.
A. comprehension
B. composition
C. compensation
D. consultation
满分：1分
5.Who would you rather_________with you tomorrow, Tom or Smith?
A. have to go
B. have go
C. have gone
D. had go
满分：1分
6.The zero-tariff （零关税）policy in helping the undeveloped countries of Africa has brought __________ benefit to the African people.
A. substantiate
B. substantial
C. substant
D. subtitle
满分：1分
7.The king blamed ______ and taxes for high oil prices and suggested setting up a program of 1 billion U.S. dollars similar to those that OPEC set up before to solve the oil crisis.
A. peculiarity B. speculation
C. spectacular D. inspect
满分：1分
8.As parts of the world become ______, millions of people will try to migrate to more ______ areas
A. hospitable… uninhabitable B. uninhabitable… hospitable
C. habitable… inhospitable D. inhospitable … uninhabitable
满分：1分
9.Their government always looks at problems from the financial viewpoint, and the social （ ） is never considered
A. inspect B. prospect C. aspect D. respect
满分：1分
10.Every country tries to maintain a(n) ______ balance of trade, which assures it of the means to buy necessary imports.
A. organic B. favorite C. compound D. favorable 满分：1分
11. I wish I could ______ this cold; it’s been hanging about for two or three days now.
A. get rid ofB. make up forC. charge toD. make profit on 满分：1分
12.To survive and grow, businesses are under ______ pressure to expand their markets for new products and made them look different from others
A. crucialB. complexC. constantD. significant 满分：1分
13.I hope that I shall never again have to （ ） such unpleasant experience; otherwise I might sue to the court
A. undergoB. underlieC. underlineD. understand 满分：1分
14.The manager decided to give the job to_________he believed had a strong sense of duty.
A. whoeverB. wheneverC. whateverD. wherever 满分：1分
15.As parts of the world become （ ）, millions of people will try to migrate to more （ ） areas
A. hospitable… uninhabitableB. uninhabitable… hospitable
C. habitable… inhospitable D. inhospitable … uninhabitable
满分：1分
二、阅读理解（共 2 道试题，共 20 分。）V
1. Psychiatrists ( 精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing - older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents' biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, "end up retiring much later." For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.
Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he's also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he's learned that young at heart doesn't mean young. Lately he's been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."
Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. "They worry they'll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they'll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school," says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won't be alive long enough to support and protect their child," she says.
Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility (受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy, had twins. "We both wanted children," says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, "a sense of family."
Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. 'The dads are older, more mature," says Dr. Silber, "and more ready to focus on parenting."
1). Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?
A. Older parents can better balance their resources against children's demands.
B. Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.
C. Older parents are often better prepared financially.
D. Older parents can take better care of their children.
满分：2分
2). What does the author mean by saying "For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream" (Lines 7-8, Para. 1)?
A. They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.
B. They can't get full pension unless they work some extra years.
C. They can't obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.
D. They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.
满分：2分
3). The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that ____.
A. many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age
B. taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy
C. older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies
D. older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children
满分：2分
4). What's the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?
A. Being laughed at by other people.
B. Slowing down of their pace of life.
C. Being mistaken for grandparents.
D. Approaching of death.
满分：2分
5). What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?
A. They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.
B. Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.
C. They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.
D. Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.
满分：2分
2.Geology is a natural science. With it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals. Geology studies the earth. But of the three spheres, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere, it only directly studies the lithosphere. It studies the composition and distribution of material in the earth’s crust. It studies also the formation, changes and development of rocks and minerals in the earth’s crust.
Geology is a very complex science. There are many branches in geology. Mineralogy is the science of the minerals. Petrology is the science of the rocks. Geomorphology deals with origin of landscapes and changes in them. Historical geology traces the evolution and development of the earth and of the animals and plants on it. Stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earth’s crust. Paleontology deals with the ancient animals and plants. These are just a few of the most important branches of geology.
Geology is a very important science. We depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries. A lot of minerals are used as fuel and raw materials. Without them industrialization is impossible. Minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture. China is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds. The study of geology will help us to discover them.
Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, or solid, or in more than one of these states at a single place. Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon (hydrogen and carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur as impurities. Liquid petroleum, which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil, is the most important commercially. It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons, with varying amounts of dissolved gases, bitumens, and impurities.
Petroleum gas, commonly called natural gas to distinguish it from manufactured gas, consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons, of which the most abundant is methane gas (CH4). The semisolid and solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons and bitumens.
Geology plays an important role in the search for oil and natural gas. Four prerequisites are necessary for oil (and gas) to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area: (1) The oil originates in a source bed, and a marine shale, once a black mud rich in organic compounds, is thought to be a common source rock. (2) The oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock, and to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically and horizontally. Oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably. (3) A nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed. Since oil is lighter than water, it tends to move upward through openings and cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate. The oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers. Some gas occurs in solution within the oil, and if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap. (4) A favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil and anticlines, salt plugs, and faults are common examples. A fault zone may itself be impervious, or faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed. Stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate and may form where tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers or where the reservoir beds become thinner up-dip and wedge out within enclosing impervious beds. Thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks.
The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites. Drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
1). What is mainly dealt with in the passage?
A. The formation of oil.
B. The formation of rocks.
C.The general introduction of geology.
D. The roles of geology in finding oil.
满分：2分
2). Geology is a natural science and it does NOT study______.
A.the minerals in the earth’s crust
B. the rocks in the earth’s crust
C. the evolution and development of the earth
D.the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth
满分：2分
3). One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in ______.
A. a source rock
B. a black mud
C. the seawater
D. organic compounds
满分：2分
4). In the formation of oil, a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can ______.
A. accelerate the travel speed of the oil
B. hinder the oil to move upward
C. help the oil to move upward
D. help people to discover the oil
满分：2分
5). Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Drilling a hole is one of the known methods of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
B. A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites.
C. An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil.
D. A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed.
满分：2分
三、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）V
1.Perhaps even more daunting, in the face of Internet-wide virus attacks, is the realization that we will depend in larger and larger measure on the network’s functioning reliably.满分：3分
2.Despite our preference for giving up privacy in exchange for convenience, our experiences online may make us yearn for the anonymity of the past. 满分：3分
3.If you are successful, you won’t have to go ask for a raise or accept what you’re given or worry about being turned out when a younger version of yourself comes along. 满分：3分
4.山起着稳定地球外壳的作用。（play a role in）满分：3分
5.不管怎样，在我们对人类对环境的影响做出科学的评估之前，仍有很长的一段路要走。(in any case). 满分：3分
四、完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.
Throughout the past century humanity did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earth’s rivers,(1)down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we(2) a great deal of greenhouse gases into the air,(3)the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades. And as our population began the year 2000(4)the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animals and plant species were(5)every day, including the first primate to disappear in more than 200 years.
At the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its(6) . Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more(7)than usual, giving some places too little rain and others too much. Fires(8)across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms(9)damages from Britain to China. No specific event could be directly(10)on global warming, floods and drought will be more frequent – and severe. Others sad signs from an(11)planet include falling grain and fish harvest and fiercer(12)for scare water supplies.
(13), there were also, in the year 2000, signs of great awareness.(14)by the Internet, hundreds of millions people gathered for the 30th anniversary of Earth Day. Governments from Washington to Lima(15)steps to protect the large wild areas from development. Progress was made toward using more(16)energy from the wind and the sun, and new cars that used both gasoline and electricity(17)fuel-economy statistics.
The goal for the new century is “(18)development”. Is that possible? It(19)on how well we understand that(20)is part of nature, not lord and master of it.
1).
A. tapped
B. swayed
C. chopped
D. tore
满分：0.5分
2).
A. drained
B. streamed
C. reversed
D. pumped
满分：0.5分
3).
A. altering
B. extracting
C. composing
D. mounting
满分：0.5分
4).
A. reached
B. beyond
C. resided
D. above
满分：0.5分
5).
A. killing off
B. dying out
C. ending off
D. ceasing out
满分：0.5分
6).
A. destiny
B. condemn
C. damage
D. revenge
满分：0.5分
7).
A. changeable
B. inevitable
C. exploitable
D. accessible
满分：0.5分
8).
A. rushes
B. races
C. rates
D. ranks
满分：0.5分
9).
A. scattered
B. swept
C. spread
D. suffered
满分：0.5分
10).
A. accused
B. blamed
C. answered
D. tied
满分：0.5分
11).
A. overwhelmed
B. overtaken
C. overpopulated
D. overburdened
满分：0.5分
12).
A. sacrifice
B. provision
C. competition
D. debate
满分：0.5分
13).
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Besides
D. Consequently
满分：0.5分
14).
A. Connected
B. Converted
C. Concentrated
D. Confined
满分：0.5分
15).
A. put
B. made
C. took
D. entered
满分：0.5分
16).
A. revisable
B. reversible
C. retrievable
D. renewable
满分：0.5分
17).
A. et aside
B. rested with
C. spoke off
D. kept on
满分：0.5分
18).
A. supportive
B. sustainable
C. successive
D. susceptible
满分：0.5分
19).
A. depends
B. deprives
C. defends
D. defines
满分：0.5分
20).
A. development
B. species
C. humanity
D. ecology
五、主观填空题（共 10 道试题，共 20 分。）V
1.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
In the contract it is stated that any dispute between the two parties shall be settled by friendly(consult).
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
2. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
As we know, many people have no(concept) understanding of computers and just press the keys.
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
3.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
Supplies may(fluctuation) according to seasonal availability but you’ll always find a wide selection.
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
4. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
Lakes and rivers that are heavily polluted with organic material are liable to contain less(solve) oxygen than does non-polluted water.
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
5.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
The Worldwide Fund for Nature is trying to save many endangered rainforest species that are threatened with e(绝种).
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
6. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
If an employee wants to r(辞职), he should notify the employer ahead of time through the enterprise trade union.
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
7. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
The new Volkswagen is much more streamlined and almost all the body panels are c(弯曲的).
试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、满分：2 分
8.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
He condemned the w(浪费) of having everyone driving around in private cars instead of using public transport.
9.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
Those who v(违反) this law and commit a criminal offense will be punished as acrime without any exception.
试题满分：2 分 第 1 空、满分：2 分
10.根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词
Scientists claim to have i(识别) chemicals produced by certain plants which have powerful cancer-combating properties.
试题满分：2 分第 1 空、满分：2 分
六、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）
1.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What do you know about International Energy Agency? And what are the main functions of International Energy Agency (IEA)?
2.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： How is the labor plan of joint ventures decided?
3.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What are the basic concepts relating to the direction function?
4.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What are the differences between computer virus and human virus?
5.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What are the standards to judge whether a theory is good or not?
七、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）www.ap5u.com
1.论述题 （根据课本内容论述本题）：What can we do to protect our environment?
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