重庆大学201802批次网上大学英语（4）A卷答案
一 、 句子翻译（汉译英） (共 6 题、0 / 18 分 )1、她一直都很有能力；她需要的只是一次展示才华的机会。
2、目前的一个变化是，一些女性担任国家元首了。
3、我们必须和他们保持友好关系。
4、我在南京巧遇我的好友。
5、请把你宿舍里的每样东西摆放整齐。
6、墙上挂着巨幅的现代画。
二 、 语法结构 (共 10 题、0 / 20 分 )
1、It seemed a pity ____ they ate it after all the trouble they had taken in making it.
A、when
B、that
C、what
D、since
2、I don't mind ____ that story to my friend.
A、that John tells
B、John to tell
C、John's telling
D、John who tells
3、____ do you prefer, a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government?
A、Which
B、How
C、What
D、Why
4、The two countries have arranged for their foreign ministers to hold talks ____ a regular basis.
A、at
B、for
C、in
D、on
5、
The amazing thing ____ is that it should have a radar system.
A、of the bat
B、for the bat
C、at the bat
D、about the bat
6、He was afraid that this company would ____ bankrupt.
A、go
B、go to
C、go to be
D、go be
7、
The comment ____ Robert is a changeable personality made me cautious in dealing with him.
A、as
B、that
C、when
D、which
8、
The situation today is obviously quite different from ____ it was only 50 years ago.
A、such
B、when
C、what
D、which
9、
It is true that ____ you get into a bad habit, you will find it not easy to give it up.
A、once
B、because
C、since
D、as
10、
We regret ____ you that the materials you ordered are out of stock.
A、to inform
B、having informing
C、informing
D、to have informed
三 、 句子翻译（英译汉） (共 6 题、0 / 18 分 )
1、He has been seeking employment recently.
2、He lifted the parcel down from the shelf.
3、Talks with business leaders broke down lastnight.
4、Please lift the box down from the shelf forme.
5、It took three months for my leg to heal.
6、In some cultures women are forbidden fromgoing out without a veil.
四 、 阅读理解 (共 6 题、0 / 30 分 )
1、The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters（节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories（热量单位，大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic（适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
2、
Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ____.
A、appealing to his buying motives
B、convincing him of their low price
C、stressing their high quality
D、maintaining a balance between quality and price
3、
The passage is mainly about ____.
A、
the positive and negative aspects of advertising
B、
ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C、
how to make a wise buying decision
D、
the function of advertisements in promoting sales
3、
The passage tells us that ____.
A、
fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
B、
the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
C、
advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need
D、
sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
4、
The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ____.
A、
thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B、
the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
C、
the loaf was cut into regular slices
D、
the bread was not genuine bread
4、
It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ____.
A、
avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
B、
guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C、
be familiar with various advertising strategies
D、
think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
2、
People who are used to taking drugs or medicine when they are ill, or who expect to have an operation in a hospital, find the idea of acupuncture very strange.
In fact, acupuncture is a much older form of medicine than allopathy, which is what most doctors practise in the West. It began in ancient China, and although it seems to be "unscientific" to Western minds, its principles are precise, and based on a belief that man is a spiritual creature, as well as a physical one.
According to acupuncture, the human body contains twelve invisible path ways, or lines, which pass through it. These pathways are called "meridians", and they are quite different from the physical nervous system well-known to Western doctors. These meridians carry a "life force", which must be able to flow easily through the body. If it can't, the body becomes ill.
The skilled acupuncturist learns where the meridians are, and how each one influences different parts of the body and the mind. To treat a patient, he puts a needle (made of, copper, gold or silver) into the skin at an exact place on a meridian. Normally, the patient feels no pain. The needle starts a current - to imagine this, think of an electric current - which travels through the meridian to the physical nervous system. The part of the body which is ill then responds to the impulse carried on the current. The acupuncturist inserts the needle or needles in different places, according to the effect lie wants to produce. This can mean that a needle is inserted into the back of the knee to treat headaches, for example. To an acupuncturist, the parts of the body work together in a way that Western medicine cannot understand.
Behind the healing power of acupuncture are the ancient Chinese ideas of Yin and Yang - two forces which both oppose and complement each other. It is difficult for Westerners to understand Yin and Yang, but we can think of the complementary opposites - such as male and female, night and day, positive and negative electrical charges, birth and death. To the Chinese, everything in the world is either Yin or Yang, and the balance of the two forces is essential for peace and harmony. Disease and illness of the body occur when the balance of Yin and Yang in it is upset. Acupuncture can help to restore this balance.
What can this form of medicine cure? Its followers say it can treat many illnesses - including stomach disorders, spinal diseases and headaches. It can be used as an anaesthetic, and in one hospital in Britain, women giving birth are offered acupuncture instead of pain-killing drugs. However the most important aspect of acupuncture for Westerners is that it can help where allopathy has failed.
2、
According to the context "allopathy" probably refers to ____.
A、
the form of medicine practiced in the West
B、
a kind of drug
C、
a belief held by Westerners
D、
the name of a disease
3、
Westerners are interested in Chinese acupuncture because ____.
A、
western medicine no longer works
B、
it has a pain-killing effect
C、
no other form of medicine is better than it.
D、
it works where western medicine fails
3、
When the needle is inserted into the body, the patient will ____.
A、
feel an electric current in the body
B、
suffer from the current
C、
receive a current in the meridian
D、
respond to the current
4、
What would happen if the pathways inside the body were blocked?____
A、
There would be nervous breakdown.
B、
Life would end.
C、
The body would be relieved from diseases.
D、
People would suffer from some illness.
4、
The two forces of Yin and Yang ____.
A、
are opposite to each other
B、
are independent of each other
C、
both A and C
D、
complement each other
3、
Bob always took the newspaper to Grandpa White’s home last before going home. Grandpa White’s was at the end of the road. Bob liked Grandpa White. He was often waiting for him near the front gate with sweets or a nice cake. Besides, he often asked Bob about things he was doing - about what he was going to do for the summer and what he liked to do.
The thing that Bob didn’t like about Grandpa was his never-ending stories about his boyhood (童年)in California. Bob never asked to hear about Grandpa’s boyhood, but he couldn’t get away.
After Grandpa’s wife died in October, Bob could see that Grandpa was lonelier than ever. He would often join Bob halfway along the road and walk along with him as he gave out the papers. Grandpa seemed to have all day, and Bob often was late getting his papers to his customers (订报者), Bob didn’t want to complain (抱怨)，but the customers were unhappy.
2、
When he took the newspaper to Grandpa White, Bob would often receive______.
A、
old newspapers
B、
a paper with questions for him to answer
C、
some money
D、
sweets or a cake
3、
The sentence “Grandpa seemed to have all day” means “_______”.
A、
Grandpa liked to stay with Bob all the time.
B、
Grandpa seemed to be lonely all day.
C、
Grandpa liked telling stories to Bob all day.
D、
Grandpa always seemed to like daytime
3、
Bob could do nothing when________.
A、
he saw Grandpa feeling lonely
B、
Grandpa began to tell him about his boyhood.
C、
the customers got their newspapers late
D、
Grandpa asked him about the things he was doing
4、
Which do you think is true?
A、
Grandpa had many stories about his boyhood.
B、
Bob took the newspaper to Grandpa first.
C、
Bob lived with Grandpa.
D、
Grandpa didn’t like to read newspapers.
4、
The reading mainly (主要) tells us that _______.
A、
the customers sometimes got angry
B、
lonely people need other people
C、
Grandpa liked to tell stories
D、
Bob was still a child.
4、
The cigarette industry and its customers are doing as much huffing as puffing these days. They are upset because the number of places where lighting up is allowed keeps shrinking and ashtrays (烟灰缸) are rapidly becoming collectors' items. Just this month have come moves to ban smoking in McDonald's company-owned restaurants, in US military work-places and in every work space, including restaurants and bars, throughout Mary-land. Smokers are also dismayed that the Clinton administration hopes to finance a large part of health-care reform with a 75 c-a-pack increase in the US cigarette tax (now 24c a pack). More than 16,000 industry supporters, many of them tobacco workers bused in by their companies, marched in Washington last week to protest any such tax hike.
But nothing is more threatening to America's smokers and tobacco industry (annual revenues: $ 48 billion) than a debate coming soon to Congress. Hearings will begin in the House nest week on whether cigarettes should be classed as a drug and thus subjected to tight regulation by the Food and Drug Administration. No one expects cigarettes to be banned; that would create the greatest law-enforcement challenge since Prohibition (禁酒时期). It is conceivable, though, that Congress could outlaw cigarette advertising and ban smoking in all public places.
Smoking opponents have been petitioning the FDA to regulate cigarettes as a drug ever since 1988, when the Surgeon General confirmed that the nicotine contained in tobacco is an addictive drug, creating a dependence similar to those caused by heroin and cocaine. After considering the issue for years, the FDA finally responded late last month. In a letter to the Coalition on Smoking or Health, an alliance of groups that oppose smoking, FDA commissioner David Kessler acknowledged that there was ample reason to apply drug laws to cigarettes. Wrote Kessler: "Although technology was developed years ago to remove nicotine from cigarettes and to control with precision the amount of nicotine in cigarettes, they are still marketed with levels of nicotine that are sufficient to produce and sustain addiction."
2、
banning cigarettes in many public places
A、
the protest of cigarette companies
B、
the cigarette dispute in America
C、
the decision of FDA to ban cigarettes
D、
banning cigarettes in many public places
3、
What conclusion can we draw from the passage?____
A、
Banning cigarettes would be a challenge to the law much as banning alcohol.
B、
Coalition on Smoking or Health has the ultimate power to ban cigarettes.
C、
The cigarette industry never intends to reduce the amount of nicotine in cigarettes.
D、
Tobacco workers protest because they have to pay more when they smoke.
3、
The word "hike" (Last sentence, Para 1) means ____.
A、
decrease
B、
balance
C、
regulation
D、
increase
4、
The word "huffing" (Para 1) means ____.
A、
advertising
B、
puffing
C、
selling
D、
getting angry
4、
Which of the following is true?____
A、
The banning of cigarettes will be realized.
B、
Whether cigarettes are drugs will depend on Congress' decision.
C、
Congress is threatening American smokers.
D、
Coalition on Smoking or Health can apply drug laws to cigarettes.
5、
Caves are nature's time capsules. Their vast underground chambers (室) harbour many kinds of animals that have not been seen on the surface of the earth for thousands or even millions of years. Caves have become refuges because, unlike the earth's surface, caves change very little. Ice ages come and go, forests dry and become deserts - but underground life goes on just about as usual.
If you have ever visited a cave, you probably noticed that various parts of it differed greatly. For example, the opening of a cave is very much like the exterior - sunlight, rainfall, and temperature are virtually the same as on the outside. But as you go deeper into a cave, the light intensity lessens and the air becomes damp and cool. This is called the twilight zone - a halfway world between the outside environment and the interior. As the last rays of light fade away, you enter the unchanging world of the deep cave, where the temperature remains nearly the same throughout the year.
The inhabitants of the cave change with the zones. Most of those that live at the mouth of the cave are also found in the outside world. Mosses (苔藓), ferns(蕨类植物), lichens(青苔) and vines(蔓生植物) cling to the walls. Swallows, phoebes, or other birds nest in the crevices (裂缝) near the mouth of the cave. Frogs, mice, and other small animals scurry (急跑) through the accumulation of dead leaves and twigs (小枝). Many of these creatures regularly venture into the shelter of the twilight zone, as do snakes, salamanders (火蜥蜴), and hosts of crickets. Perhaps the best known of all cave residents are bats. Although bats may show a preference for using the twilight zone as shelter, these animals return regularly to the outside world to hunt for food.
The most specialized cave animals are those that never leave the inner cave. These animals, which include certain species of fish, crayfish (小龙虾), and flatworms, resemble their counterparts outside the cave. But many of the cavedwelling species have a ghost-like pallor (苍白) and cannot see. Some of them do not have any eyes at all. The animals are born, reproduce, and die without ever leaving the cave, unless they are accidentally carried out. They are called troglodyte (穴居者) -cave- dwellers.
The study of cave life is one of the newest sciences. Apparently, many cave animals are "living fossile". In fact, most troglodyte that live on and in cave soil (such as cave crickets) are believed to be descendants of similar species that inhabited the forest floor during the last Ice Age. As the earth's climate varied, these creatures took refuge in caves, where conditions continued to resemble their original habitat. During countless generations, they lost their colour and their eyes -- which served no function in a lightless environment. Numerous cave-dwellers developed enlarged, sensitive feelers (such as the unusually large antennae of cave crickets), which enabled them to perceive their surrounding. Many cave animals respond instantly to the slightest vibration.
2、
The author says that caves are nature's time capsules. How does he support this statement?____
A、
The chambers in caves house many species of animals that have been extinct from the surface of the earth for many years.
B、
He states that caves have become refuges.
C、
Ice Ages come and go, forests undergo changes.
D、
Caves change very little.
3、
What is the passage mainly about?____
A、
Cave animals are "living fossils".
B、
The natural conditions of caves.
C、
Animals, birds and other lives in caves.
D、
The change of climate since Ice Age.
3、
According to the third paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?____
A、
Perhaps the author considers bats the best-known cave inhabitants.
B、
Like snakes, some of frogs, mice, and other small animals risk going into the shelter of the twilight zone at regular times.
C、
Although bats prefer using the twilight zone as shelter, they regularly go back to the outside world to hunt for food.
D、
Different inhabitants could be found in different zones.
4、
What is the second paragraph mainly about?____
A、
Sunlight, rainfall, and temperature.
B、
The three zones - the opening of the cave, the twilight zone and the inner cave.
C、
The unchanging world of the deep cave.
D、
Differences between various parts of a cave.
4、
According the passage, to replace their loss of sight cave dwellers have developed ____.
A、
their eyes.
B、
their brains.
C、
their bodies.
D、
their sense of touch.
6、
Star birth, which transformed primordial gas into the countless starry galaxies of the present day universe, surged to high levels much earlier than astronomers had thought. Two teams of observers have looked into the early universe for the long-wavelength radiation that signals star formation in dusty young galaxies. In tomorrow's Nature, they report seeing galaxies rapidly spawning stars when the universe was less than a third of its present age.
Astronomers have been searching at great distances - which correspond to earlier times - to find the heyday of star birth. But interstellar dust is thick in star-forming regions, hiding the light of hot young stars and reradiating it in the infrared. Observations by infrared satellites have already revealed large numbers of star-forming galaxies as much as halfway back to the big bang. But for even older, more distant stars and galaxies, the expansion of the universe stretches the infrared radiation into the submillimeter waveband, a twilight region of the spectrum between infrared and radio.
Earlier this year, a U.K. Team led by Michael Rowan-Robinson of London's Imperial College pointed a submillimeter telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, at the Hubble Deep Field, the small patch of sky where the Hubble Space Telescope captured optical images of some of the most distant galaxies ever. Five of the brightest submillimeter sources they found match up with faint, old galaxies in the Hubble image, and four of the five date from when the universe was between a third and a fifth of its present age - up to 9 billion years ago. Their submillimeter brilliance indicates that these galaxies are spawning stars perhaps 100 times faster than our own galaxy, says team member James Dunlop of the University of Edinburgh. A U. S. -Japanese group has made other submillimeter images that support this picture of frenzied star birth in the early universe.
The observations are "a very exciting new development," says Max Pettini, an astrophysicist at Britain's Royal Greenwich Observatory. Star formation, he says, is "part and parcel of the broader question of how the universe evolved from the smooth conditions of the big bang into the galaxies we see today." However, Charles Steidel of the California Institute of Technology cautions that the distance and hence the age of these submillimeter sources is "somewhat ambiguous," because of the submillimeter camera's coarse resolution.
2、
From the third paragraph we know that ____.
A、
they found five faint old galaxies
B、
there are several galaxies in the universe
C、
an American team pointed a submillimeter telescope in Hawaii
D、
the team used Hubble space Telescope and captured optical images of some galaxies
3、
The little "Curtains Par on Ancient Star Nurseries" means ____.
A、
star birth still remains a complete mystery to us
B、
scientists are uncovering the mystery of star birth
C、
scientists are producing artificial stars in star nurseries
D、
scientists use curtains when doing research on star birth
3、
In Line 4 of the second paragraph "it" refers to ____.
A、
star birth
B、
the infrared
C、
interstellar dust
D、
the light of hot young stars
4、
The word "heyday" from the second paragraph can be best expressed by ____.
A、
the ending
B、
the worst time
C、
the beginning
D、
the best time
4、
We can infer that the word "ambiguous" in the last paragraph probably means ____.
A、
mysterious
B、
uncertain
C、
clear
D、
satisfying
五 、 命题作文 (共 1 题、0 / 14 分 )
1、
Private Tutoring
1. 为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍。
2. 家教的利与弊。
3. 我的看法
答案在哪里？
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